Chingwe cholumikizira chachipatala chimatanthawuza kulumikiza mawaya ndi zingwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamankhwala.Ma waya awa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza zida zamagetsi ndi masensa a zida zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino chipangizocho.
Zingwe zamawaya azachipatala zimayenera kutsata chitetezo chokhazikika komanso miyezo yapamwamba kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa zida.Mapangidwe ndi kupanga zingwe zamawaya azachipatala zimafunikira kulingalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana monga mtundu wa waya ndi chingwe, kukula, kutalika, mtundu wolumikizira, mulingo wachitetezo, ndi zina zambiri.
Njira yopangira zida zamawaya azachipatala nthawi zambiri imaphatikizapo masitepe monga kudula, kuvula, kugulitsa, kupukuta, kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyesa mawaya ndi zingwe.Panthawi yopanga, ndikofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti mawaya ndi zingwe zimalumikizidwa modalirika ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zachitetezo ndi zabwino.
Zingwe zamagetsi zachipatala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, monga electrocardiographs, monitors, ventilators, infusion pumps, scalpels, etc. Zidazi zimafuna zida zapamwamba zachipatala kuti zitsimikizire kugwira ntchito moyenera ndi chitetezo.
Chingwe cha mawaya azachipatala chimatanthawuza kulumikiza kwa waya ndi chingwe komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamankhwala.Lili ndi makhalidwe otsatirawa:
1.Kudalirika kwakukulu: Zingwe zama waya zamankhwala ziyenera kukhala zodalirika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti zida zachipatala zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso chitetezo.
2.Kusamalitsa kwambiri: Zingwe zama waya zamankhwala zimafunikira kulondola kwambiri kuti mawaya ndi zingwe zilumikizidwe molondola.
3.Kukhazikika kwakukulu: Mawaya opangira mawaya azachipatala amafunika kukhala olimba kwambiri kuti agwirizane ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi komanso zofunikira pazachipatala.
4. Kuletsa kusokoneza: Zida zogwiritsira ntchito mawaya azachipatala ziyenera kukhala zotsutsana ndi kusokoneza kuti zisasokonezedwe ndi malo ozungulira pa mawaya ndi zingwe.
5. Chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe: Ma waya opangira ma waya achipatala amayenera kutsatira miyezo ya chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe kuti atsimikizire chitetezo ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe cha zida zamankhwala.
6. Multi-function: Zida zogwiritsira ntchito mawaya azachipatala ziyenera kukhala ndi ntchito zambiri, monga kutumiza zizindikiro, magetsi, ndi zina zotero.
Mwachidule, ma waya opangira ma waya ayenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe odalirika kwambiri, olondola kwambiri, olimba kwambiri, odana ndi kusokoneza, chitetezo, chitetezo cha chilengedwe ndi ntchito zambiri kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zachipatala.
Njira zoyesera za ma waya achipatala zimaphatikizanso izi:
1. Mayeso opitilira: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati kulumikizana kwa mawaya ndi zingwe ndikolondola komanso kodalirika.
2. Mayeso a insulation: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati kutsekemera kwa mawaya ndi zingwe kumakwaniritsa zofunikira.
3. Kulimbana ndi mayeso amagetsi: amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ngati mawaya ndi zingwe zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino pansi pamagetsi apamwamba.
4. Mayeso apansi: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati kuyika kwa mawaya ndi zingwe ndikolondola komanso kodalirika.
5. Kuyesa kukana kutentha: kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti muwone ngati mawaya ndi zingwe zimagwira ntchito pazigawo zotentha kwambiri kapena zochepa.
6. Kuyesa kwachitsulo: kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati mphamvu yamagetsi ya mawaya ndi zingwe ikukwaniritsa zofunikira.
7. Mayeso olowetsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati cholumikizira cholumikizira ndi kutulutsa mphamvu chikukwaniritsa zofunikira.
8. Mayeso olimbana ndi dzimbiri: amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire ngati mawaya ndi zingwe zikuyenda m'malo owononga akukwaniritsa zofunikira.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndi njira zina zoyesera zowunikira ma waya achipatala.Njira zosiyanasiyana zoyesera zimatha kuzindikira zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa ma waya achipatala.
Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa pogula zida zachipatala:
1. Kutsatira: Mawaya achipatala amayenera kutsata miyezo ndi malamulo oyenerera azachipatala, monga IEC 60601-1, ISO 13485, ndi zina zotero. Mukamagula chingwe chachipatala, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti chikugwirizana ndi miyezo ndi malamulowa kuti mutsimikizire. chitetezo ndi mphamvu ya zida zachipatala.
2. Chitsimikizo cha Ubwino: Ubwino wa zida zachipatala zimakhudza mwachindunji kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa zida zachipatala.Mukamagula chingwe cholumikizira chachipatala, muyenera kuganizira zamtundu wake, njira zopangira, magwiridwe antchito amagetsi ndi zinthu zina kuti zitsimikizire kuti zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira pazida zamankhwala.
3. Kukhalitsa: Zida zamankhwala nthawi zambiri zimafunika kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, motero mawaya achipatala amafunika kukhala olimba mokwanira.Mukamagula chingwe cholumikizira zamankhwala, muyenera kuganizira za moyo wake wautumiki, kukana kukalamba, kukana kuvala ndi zinthu zina kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimagwira ntchito mokhazikika.
4. Kusinthasintha: Malo ogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zachipatala nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta, choncho mawaya achipatala amafunika kukhala osinthasintha mokwanira.Mukamagula zida zamawaya azachipatala, muyenera kuganizira zopindika, kufewa, scalability ndi zinthu zina kuti zitsimikizire kuti zitha kuzolowera momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito.
5. Kusintha Mwamakonda Anu: Zida zamankhwala zosiyanasiyana zingafunike mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ya ma waya, kotero ma waya achipatala nthawi zambiri amafuna kupanga makonda.Mukamagula zida zamawaya azachipatala, muyenera kuganizira momwe woperekerayo angasinthire makonda ake komanso kuthekera kwake popanga kuti azitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zachipatala.
6. Mtengo: Mtengo wazitsulo zazitsulo zachipatala ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pogula.Pamaziko owonetsetsa kuti cholumikizira chachipatala chikukwaniritsa miyezo yabwino komanso chitetezo, mutha kusankha wopereka wamtengo wokwanira kuti achepetse mtengo wa zida zamankhwala.
Mwachidule, kugulidwa kwa ma waya achipatala kuyenera kuganizira zinthu monga kutsata, mtundu, kulimba, kusinthasintha, kusinthika, ndi mtengo kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo, kudalirika, komanso kugwira ntchito moyenera kwa zida zamankhwala.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-20-2023